Apa itu Responsive Design?
Responsive design berarti tampilan website akan menyesuaikan ukuran layar perangkat. Di Tailwind CSS, ini gampang banget karena setiap class bisa dipakai di ukuran layar tertentu cukup dengan menambahkan prefix breakpoint, misalnya md:, lg:, dll.
Langkah pertama: Tambahkan meta viewport
Sebelum menggunakan responsive design, tambahkan tag berikut di <head> HTML kamu:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Responsive Tailwind</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!-- isi di bawah -->
</body>
</html>
Breakpoint bawaan Tailwind
| Prefix | Ukuran minimum | Artinya |
| sm | 640px (40rem) | Smartphone besar |
| md | 768px (48rem) | Tablet |
| lg | 1024px (64rem) | Laptop |
| xl | 1280px (80rem) | Desktop besar |
| 2xl | 1536px (96rem) | Layar ekstra besar |
Contoh Dasar Responsive Utility
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Responsive Tailwind</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Gambar berukuran w-16 di mobile, w-32 di tablet, dan w-48 di desktop -->
<img class="w-16 md:w-32 lg:w-48" src="assets/img/favicon.png" alt="Responsive image" />
</body>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Contoh Komponen Responsive
Penjelasan singkat:
Di layar kecil: layout ditumpuk (stacked).
Di layar medium ke atas (md:): layout jadi horizontal (sejajar).
Contoh lengkap:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Responsive Tailwind</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="mx-auto max-w-md overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-white shadow-md md:max-w-2xl mt-10">
<div class="md:flex">
<div class="md:shrink-0">
<img
class="h-48 w-full object-cover md:h-full md:w-48"
src="https://cms.hrpods.co.id/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Cover-HRPods-2-44.jpg"
alt="Modern building"
/>
</div>
<div class="p-8">
<div class="text-sm font-semibold tracking-wide text-indigo-500 uppercase">Company retreats</div>
<a href="#" class="mt-1 block text-lg leading-tight font-medium text-black hover:underline">
Incredible accommodation for your team
</a>
<p class="mt-2 text-gray-500">
Looking to take your team away on a retreat to enjoy awesome food and take in some sunshine? We have a list of places to do just that.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Kesalahan umum: Gunakan unprefixed class untuk mobile
Salah:
<!-- Ini hanya berlaku di layar >= 640px -->
<div class="sm:text-center">Teks</div>
Benar:
<!-- Ini center di mobile, kiri di layar lebih besar -->
<div class="text-center sm:text-left">Teks</div>
Menargetkan rentang breakpoint tertentu
Contoh: kita ingin display: flex hanya untuk layar antara md dan xl.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Responsive Tailwind</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="md:max-xl:flex bg-blue-100 p-4">
<div class="w-full">Konten 1</div>
<div class="w-full">Konten 2</div>
</div>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
Menargetkan satu breakpoint saja
Contoh: hanya untuk md, tapi tidak berlaku di lg ke atas.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Responsive Tailwind</title>
<script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="md:max-lg:flex bg-green-100 p-4">
<div class="w-full">Konten di md</div>
<div class="w-full">Hanya muncul flex di md</div>
</div>
</html>
berikut hasilnya:
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